Monosodium Glutamate Side Effects: What Science Wants You to Know

That extra ‘something’ in your favourite noodles, soups, or snacks? It’s not just salt- it’s Monosodium Glutamate (MSG), the flavor booster that gives food its rich, savory umami kick!

Monosodium glutamate is mostly safe, but there have been reports of monosodium glutamate side effects, such as headaches, sweating, and chest pain, especially when taken in large amounts.

This guide will tell you everything you need to know about MSG, including how it is used and how it might affect your health.

What Is Monosodium Glutamate (MSG)?

Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is a flavour-enhancing additive used in various food items and even packaged foods. It is made from glutamic acid and is a kind of sodium salt. It is naturally available in items like tomatoes, cheese, and mushrooms.

It can be extracted by fermenting natural ingredients like sugarcane and molasses. The most common monosodium glutamate uses are in broths, meats, and Asian cuisines. These look like clear white crystals that dissolve in water easily.

In general, the monosodium glutamate foods bring in the umami flavour, which is usually deep, savoury, and satisfying. Though it is a common ingredient used in various food items, some people remain concerned about is monosodium glutamate harmful to health.

Monosodium Glutamate Benefits for Your Food

MSG often gets a bad rap, but before we discuss its downsides, it’s worth knowing the benefits it brings to the table.

Some of the common monosodium glutamate benefits are as follows:

1. Enhances Flavour and Palatability

Monosodium glutamate use elevates the natural taste of foods, adding a rich umami depth that makes dishes more satisfying and enjoyable without the need for extra salt.

2. Reduces Sodium Intake

When compared to your normal salt, MSG contains less sodium. In fact, it is one-third in quantity, which also helps control and regulate your sodium intake. While it helps reduce sodium intake, it doesn’t compromise on taste.

What Research Says About MSG and Health

While monosodium glutamate (MSG) is widely used to enhance flavour and improve food palatability, some studies have raised concerns about its effects when consumed in excess. Regulatory authorities like the FDA and WHO classify MSG as safe in moderate amounts, yet research published on the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) suggests that high or concentrated intake may influence metabolism. 

According to the study, excessive MSG consumption was linked to central obesity, insulin resistance, and liver changes in animal models (source). This highlights the importance of moderation- enjoying MSG-containing foods occasionally while maintaining a balanced, nutrient-rich diet. 

Let’s learn more about its possible side effects.

Common Monosodium Glutamate Side Effects on Your Body

Consuming the MSG in normal quantities is considered to be safe. But high consumption of monosodium glutamate effects your body in a negative manner.

Below are the most common monosodium glutamate harmful effects that you must know:

1. Headaches and Migraines

Frequent intake of monosodium glutamate foods can trigger headaches. It can create pressure around the temple region, which is temporary. Though this is a reaction linked to nerve stimulation, it is quite uncomfortable.

2. Nausea and Dizziness

If you consume food with MSG in it in high quantities, there is a chance that you will experience nausea or dizziness. This is because when MSG-rich food is consumed empty stomach, it impacts your digestive process. 

3. Flushing and Sweating

Increased blood flow is one of the most common monosodium glutamate effects in sensitive individuals. It leads to sweating, facial flushing, or warmth. You will notice this usually around the neck and chest.

4. Fatigue and Muscle Weakness

The most common monosodium glutamate side effect is linked to feeling tired and exhausted. This is usually short-term and is caused by fluid imbalance and sodium fluctuations.

5. Increased Thirst and Dry Mouth

Adding monosodium glutamate benefits you with better taste due to the sodium content. This is lower than regular salt, but it can lead to a feeling of dryness in the mouth in some individuals. The dehydration would require you to drink more water.

6. Monosodium Glutamate Allergy or Sensitivity

A monosodium glutamate allergy can cause itching, skin redness, or mild swelling. Though this is not the actual allergy that occurs, but is the reaction of the body. But if this stays for long, you might need medical support.

7. Elevated Blood Pressure

If you consume a high amount of MSG, then your blood pressure can shoot up. So, if you are a person with high BP, it becomes very important to control your intake of MSG. This will help avoid adverse situations.

Conclusion

No doubt adding MSG to your food can help you with taste greatly. But is monosodium glutamate bad for you? Well, just like any other food item, overconsumption of MSG can lead to side effects.

So, the key is to balance the quantity of MSG in the food. This can be done only when you understand where MSG is available and how your body responds to it. So, add the right quantity of monosodium glutamate to your diet and enjoy the blast of flavours responsibly. 

Frequently Asked Questions Related to Monosodium Glutamate