Irritable bowel syndrome, known as IBS, is one the most common and a long-term disorder, mainly affecting the gastrointestinal tract (i.e., stomach and intestines). Millions across the world are afflicted with the problem. IBS may cause pain and changes in bowel habits. The cause remains unknown, but we know that very strong gut-brain connections do exist.
Common Symptoms of IBS
IBS symptoms can vary from one person to another. The common irritable bowel syndrome symptoms include:
- Abdominal pain or cramping
- Bloating
- Gas
- Diarrhoea or constipation
- Mucus in the stool
These irritable bowel syndrome symptoms may be mild or severe. They could come and go and at times, with changes in time. There are some who experience constant symptoms, while others have flare-ups.
The Gut-Brain Connection
The gut and brain are connected—literally. That is, a system called the gut-brain axis connects them. Stress and emotions can trigger or worsen symptoms in IBS. At the same time, anything that goes wrong in the gut can impact mood and mental well-being.
The two-way communication occurs through:
- Nervous system
- Hormones
- Immune system
- Microbiome—gut bacteria
This is the gut-brain axis. Understanding it is the key to successful management of IBS.
Stress and IBS: A Vicious Cycle
Stress is among the significant provocations or triggers in people with IBS. If you are anxious, your gut will likely feel it. Sometimes this can bring pain, bloating, or changes in bowel movements. After that, symptoms further lead to stress, thus continuing the cycle. Control of stress happens to be one of the major factors associated with IBS treatment. Some of the useful strategies in this regard are as follows:
- Regular exercise
- Meditation or deep breathing
- Getting adequate sleep
- Talk to a therapist
Remember, reducing stress will not cure IBS but it will help in keeping the symptoms at bay.
Diet and IBS: Finding Your Triggers
Food plays a huge role in controlling or even increasing IBS symptoms. Some food tends to trigger, or even increases the symptoms. Common triggers among these include:
- Dairy products
- Caffeine
- Alcohol
- High-fat foods
- Spicy foods
- Different kinds of fruits and vegetables
You can track down your triggers through a food diary. After that, you can create a friendly diet for IBS after consulting a doctor or dietician.
Treatment Options for Irritable Bowel Syndrome
There is no one IBS treatment. More often than not, it incorporates multiple modes of therapy. Irritable bowel syndrome treatments include, amongst others, the following:
- Dietary alterations
- Stress management
- Medications; such as antispasmodics or laxatives
- Probiotics
- Psychiatric treatments like cognitive behavioural treatment
Your doctor can help you find the right treatments for your symptoms.
Symptoms of IBS in Females: Special Considerations
Although IBS affects both sexes, more women are affected. Hormonal changes may impact symptoms of IBS in women. Most women report that their symptoms worsen during their menstrual periods.
Here are a few things to consider when looking at the symptoms of IBS in women; women with IBS may have to deal with:
- Hormonal changes
- IBS and pregnancy
- Menopause and digestion
If you’re a woman with IBS, talk about these hormonal changes, and how they might be affecting your symptoms, with your doctor.
Managing IBS: Self-Care Strategies
Irritable bowel syndrome self care is an intrinsic part of keeping the condition under control. Following strategies might prove useful for the purpose:
- Regular exercise: Exercise has two distinct advantages wherein it reduces stress and promotes digestion.
- Healthy sleeping habits: Poor sleep tends to raise the symptoms of IBS.
- Meditation: One can cope with stress by using techniques like meditation—mindfulness practice.
- Balanced diet: Eating regular balanced meals will help in stabilising good digestion.
- Hydration: Drinking adequate water is necessary for good digestion.
- Keeping away from trigger foods: Avoid your triggers after getting to know them.
- Heat therapy: A warm bath or heating pad relieves abdominal pain.
The Future of IBS Research
One of the most important things about IBS is research. Research into new treatments will help people understand IBS better. Crucial areas of study are:
- Role of Gut bacteria in IBS
- New drugs targeting specific IBS symptoms
- How diet influences gut health
- The Link Between Your Mind and Gut
The more that is learned about IBS, the more likely new, more effective treatments will be discovered.
Living Well with IBS
While living with IBS can be difficult, it is not impossible to keep the condition under control. The role of mind-gut connection should never be underestimated in this condition. Most of them get mitigation of the problem in the treatment of not only the physical symptoms of IBS but also their mental health. Bear in mind that IBS symptoms and treatment vary greatly, so what works for someone else might not work for you. So, with patience, stick to what works, and keep working with your health care team in finding the right approach for you.
